Pump



| M. DECKER 2,060,003

PUMP

Nov. 10, 1936.

4 Sheets -Sheet 1 Filed April 9, 1934 67 Hnncntur 13g I I Nov. 10, 1936.0 M DECKER 2,060,003

PUMP

Filed April 9, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 NOV. 10, 1936. DECKER 2,060,003

PUMP

' Filed April 9, 1934' 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Hnnzntur L. M. DECKER Nov.10,1936.

PUMP

Filed April 9, 1934 4 Sheets-SheetA Patented Nov. 10, 1936 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

This invention aims to provide a pump where in novel means is providedfor shifting an inner cylinder within an outer cylinder, to vary theamount of'liquid discharged by a plunger operating within the innercylinder, novel means being provided for operating the plunger.

It is within the province of the disclosure to improve generally and toenhance the utility of devices of-that type to which the invention apiop rtains.

With the above and other objects in view, which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention resides in the combination andarrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafterdescribed and claimed, it being understood that changes in the preciseembodiment of the invention herein disclosed, may be made within thescope of what is claimed, without departing from the spirit of theinvention.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows in vertical section, a device constructed in accordancewith the invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in elevation, looking at the left hand end of thedevice in Fig. 1, parts being broken away, and parts being in section;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 44 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 8-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. '7 is a section on the line 'l-l of Fig. 5.

In carrying out the invention, there is provided a stator i, having aremovable side plate 4, carrying an outstanding tubular casing 5, to

the outer end of which a removable cover plate 6 is secured. The statori and the cover plate 8 are supplied with bearings 1, wherein a mainshaft 8 is journaled.

Cylinders it are secured to the stator l. Bis- 40 tons M are mounted toreciprocate in the cylinders it, and are operatively connected by acrankmechanism l5.

For each of the cylinders it, a radial fuel pump is provided, thecylinder of the pump being marked by the numeral 57. The cylinder 53 maybe alluded to as an outer cylinder, and is a composite structure,including a first member, to the end of which a conduit is connected,the conduit being connected to thenoz- 5 zle 35. The outer pump cylinder51 includes a second member 59, the members 55 and as or the outer pumpcylinder being held together, in end-to-end relation, by a couplingThere is a transverse partition 6! in the second mem- 55 ber 59 of theouter pump cylinder 51, and the partition forms a fuel chamber 62 in.the member 59 of the pump cylinder. The fuel, preferably oil, issupplied to the chamber 62 by means indicated at 63, that meanspreferably being a pipe joining the members 59 of the 5 pump cylinders,and connectedto a source of fuel supply (not shown).

An inner cylinder 66 is mounted for longitudinal adjustment in thepartition 65, in the head of the second member 59 of the outer cylinder10 51, and in the first member 58 or the outer pump cylinder. The innercylinder 66 is surrounded by packings I21, located in the partition iiiand in the head of the second member 59 of the outer pump cylinder 5?.The inner pump cylinder 6% 15 has a bore 65. Transverse ports 66 areformed in the inner cylinder 64 and establish communi cation between thefuel chamber 62 and the bore 65 of the inner cylinder 55. Valve cages Elare provided, and contain check valves 68, which 29 close away from theengine cylinder Ill. The valve cages Bl .are mounted in the upper end ofthe cylinder 66, and are held therein by a retainer 69, which may bethreaded into the outer end of the said'cylinder dd. 25

Referring to the means whereby the inner cylinder 64 is adjustedlongitudinally in the outer cylinder 51, it is shown in the drawingsthat the inner cylinder es is cut away on each side, as shown at 85, tointersect the boreiiE of the inner 3c cylinder, thereby forming acircular foot IE7 at the inner end of the cylinder 6d, and forming twooppositely-disposed spindles 'mwhich connect the foot it? with the bodyportion-of the cylinder 65. The foot it! is secured at H in a 35 disk12, carrying a lateral projection or pin 13. The pins 13 are receivedslidably in inclined slots or guides id, formed in an actuating member15, such as a ring. The ring 15 is provided with circumferential slotsl6, receiving laterally pro- 40 jecting supporting elements ll, carriedby inwardly projecting brackets is on the casing 5, the constructionbeing such that the ring l5 may be adjusted circumferentialiy. Althoughany desired means may be provided for adjusting the 45 ring 15circumierentially, it is suggested that the ring 15 be provided with arack 19, meshing with a worm 80, on a shaft M, the shaft at beingjournaled in the casing 5.

The pump plunger is marked bythe numeral 59 82 and an abutment 83 issecured to the plunger by a pin 85 or the like, movable lengthwise ofthe inner cylinder 64 in the side recesses 85 of the said cylinder, theabutment 03 being slidable on the spindle portions 10 of the innercylinder. A 55 compression spring 98 surrounds the cylinder 6L2, one endof the spring engaging the partition [it of the cylinder member 59, andthe opposite end of the spring engaging the abutment that is secured atto the plunger 32.

The plungers 82 rest in recesses 86- formed in radius arms 8?, pivotedat 88 to a ring or actu-= ating member 88. The ring or actuating member89 is provided with circumferential slots 98, receiving supportingelements Ql, mounted on laterally projecting lugs 92 on the side plateof the s ator l the construction being such that the ring or carrier canbe adjusted circumferentially. Any desired means may be supplied forimparting circumferential adjustment to the carrier ring 89. Forinstance, the ring 89 may have a raclr 93, meshing with a worm at on ashaft 95, journaled in the casing 5, andunder the control of anoperator.

.The radius arms ill have projections 9?, hearing on a disk 88, securedby any desired means to the shaft 8-, within the casing 5. The disk 98is provided on its edge with a cam $8, including a circumferentialsurface Hit, the cam having an end Hit, and a less abrupt end M2, thecam constituting means for actuating the pump plungers 82, by way of theradius arms 87.

The pumping operation The fuel oil enters the fuel chamber 62 throughthe oil supply means shown at $3, and moves through the ports 66 andenters the bore 65 of the inner cylinder 64, in advance of the plunger82. The shaft 8 rotates the disk Qt. The abrupt end E6! of the cam 92engages the projection 91 on the radius arm El and swings the radiusarm, to impart a snap-like pumping stroke to the plunger 82. Theprojection ill of the radius arm 81 rides along the edge mo of the cam99 and then is eased down along the part Hit of the cam, the plunger 82being lowered, by the action of the spring 86, so that the chamber 82and the upper part of the bore 65 of the inner cylinder H can fill againwith fuel oil. on the up-stroke of the plunger 82, the fuel is forcedpast the check valves 68, through the conduit 5d, and moves through thenozzle 35.

The firing operation As the piston i l moves to complete its compressionstroke, some of the air supplied through the port 28 is trapped in thecylinder m, as the piston it closes the ports 26 and. 30. The air thustrapped is compressed and its temperature is raised to a point where itwill ignite the charge delivered through the opening 32 as the piston ,Harrives at the end of its compression stroke.

Plunger control By means of the shaft $5, the worm 8d and the rack 93,the ring 89 can be moved circumferentially on its supports 8!. Thiscauses a circumferential shifting of the radius arms 87 and the operatoris enabled to control, through a wide range, the time when the radiusarms 81 actuate the pump plungers 82, the speed of the engine beingregulated and controlled accordingly.

The fuel control By means of the shaft 85, the worm 80, and the rack 19,or their equivalents, the ring [5 may be moved circumferentially on thesupports 18. The inclined slots or guides it of the ring '55,cooperating with the projections 13, move the inner cylinder 64 axiallywith respect to the outer aoe oos cylinder 57. In this way, the fuelinlet ports (it are shifted with respect to the end of the pump plunger82 and afiord an automatic and unrestrlcted by-pass for excess fuel.Thus the fuel delivered in advance of the plunger 82 is regulated, theplunger 82 stopping at a predetermined height, determined by theposition of the actuators or radius arms 8?. The slots '56 in the ringi5, which receive the supporting elements 'ZT, are of such length thatwhen the ring is moved circumferentially by the shaft ill, the worm 8Band the rack E9, the inner cylinder 65- will be adjusted betweenpredetermined limits within which the port 66 always is in fullcommunication with the chamber 62. The slots 98 of the ring 88 have asimilar relation to the supporting elements Ell, and the plunger 82,therefore, will always uncover the port 66 when the plunger 82 makes itssuction stroke.

General operation The operation of the device has been set forthhereinbefore, step by step, but, broadly stated, is as follows:

The firing takes place in the. cylinder it, due to the action of thepiston H and other mechanisms. The pump supplies fuel to the cylinderill through the nozzle mechanism 35 or its equivalent, the charge beingfirst measured, and then injected by the same mechanism.

What is claimed is:

l. A pump comprising an outer cylinder provided with a bore and havingan outlet communicating with one end portion of the bore, an innercylinder disposed substantially in coamal relation to the outer cylinderand adjustable longitudinally in the bore of the outer cylinder, theinner cylinder having a bore, the outer cylinder having a chamberdisposed in the bore of the outer cylinder about a portion of the innercylinder, the inner cylinder having a plurality of circumferentiallyspaced ports establishing communication between the chamber of the outercylinder and the bore of the inner cylinder, means for supplying liquidto the chamber, a plunger slidable in the bore of the inner cylinder,means for operating the plunger to eject liquid through the outlet, andmeans for adjusting the inner cylinder longitudinally, thereby to varythe cut-off distance between the inner end of the plunger and the portsand thus bring about a measuring of the liquid ejected through theoutlet by the plunger, the last-specified means comprising a ringsupported for rotation with respect to a center, the ring having a slotwhich is inclined with respect to a circle struck from said center, theinner cylinder having a projection slidably received in the slot, and acombined means for holding the ring against free rotation and forimparting a finely adjusted rotation to the ring at the will of anoperator, the location of the chamber in the outer cylinder serving togive the chamber a constant and predetermined capacity, regardless ofthe longitudinal adjustment of the inner cylinder and regardless of theposition of the plunger.

2. A pump comprising an outer cylinder provided with an outlet, an innercylinder longitudinally adjustable in the outer cylinder, a plungerslidable in the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder having an inletchamber extended longitudinally of the inner cylinder, the innercylinder having a transverse port communicating with the chamber andopened and closed by the plunger, the port being of small diametercompared with the length of the chamber, to provide for a quick cut-offby the plunger and to provide for a large range of longitudinaladjustment in the inner cylinder while the port remains of a fixed areaand in continuous communication, throughout its entire area, with thechamber, means under the control of an operator for adjusting the innercylinder longitudinally between fixed limits wherein the port maintainscontinuous communication, at a fixed area, with the chamber, andmechanism for reciprocating the plunger, said mechanism embodying meansunder the control of'an operator and so constructed relatively to themeans for adjusting the inner cylinder longitudinally that thesecond-specified means will adjust the stroke of the plunger withinlimits between which the plunger will open and close the port regardlessof the position to which the port has been shifted by the longitudinaladjustment of the inner cylinder.

3. Pumping mechanism comprising a plurality of outer cylinders eachprovided with an outlet, an inner cylinder longitudinally adjustable ineach outer cylinder, 9. plunger slidable in each inner cylinder, eachouter cylinder having an inlet chamber extended longitudinally of thecorresponding inner cylinder, each inner cylinder having a transverseport communicating with the corresponding chamber and opened and closedby the corresponding plunger, each port being of small diameter comparedwith the length vof the chamber, to provide for a quick cut-ofi by theplunger and to provide for a large range of longitudinal adjustment inthe inner cylinder while the port remains of a fixed area and incontinuous communication, throughout its entire area, with the chamber,means under the control of an operator for adjusting all of the innercylinders at once, from a single point of force application,longitudinally between fixed limits wherein the ports maintaincontinuous communication, at fixed .areas, with the chambers, andmechanism for reciprocating the plungers, said mechanism embodying meansunder the control of an operator from a single point of forceapplication, and so constructed relatively to the means for adjustingthe inner cylinders longitudinally that the second-specified means willadjust the stroke of the plungers within limits between which theplungers will open and close the ports regardless of the position towhich the ports have been shifted by the longitudinal adjustment of theinner cylinders.

LEWIS M. DECKER.

